Flora

Matthiola fruticulosa (L.) Maire

Common Name: Eshegara.

Family: Brassicaceae

Flowering Time: Feb-Apr.

General Appearance

Matthiola fruticulosa (L.) Maire , it is a perennial herb with woody base, usually caespitose, up to 15-40 cm tall, clothed with stellate appressed, whitish hairs, branched mostly from the base. Leaves linear-oblong to narrowly oblanceolate mostly ± entire, sometimes shallowly and broadly toothed, 30-50 (-100) x 1-5 mm. Flowers 1-1.5 cm across, yellowish to purple, red or violet, (in Libya, lavender, violet, dark violet, pink, light pink with dark blue centers, orange or yellow, yellow, yellow-pinkish) sub sessile. Pedicels up to 1.5 mm long (our plants only) in fruit, ± thickened. Sepals 6–10 mm long eglandular. Petals 15·20 x 2-3 mm, sub contorted or crimped. Siliquae ± cylindrical. 60-120 x 1-2 (-3) mm, (excluding the stigmatic appendages up to 3 (-3.5) mm long), usually with stigmatic horns diverging or up curved, rarely hornless, obscurely torulose, canescent. Seeds c. 1.5 mm long, oblong.

Life Form

Phytochoria

MED. The native range of this species is S. Alps to Medit..

Distribution in Libya

Al-Jafarah Plain: Wadi El-Hera 1976

Sirte Plains: (7 Km) SE of Sitre City 2008 Sirte 2015, 2016

Benghazi Plain: Qaminas to Ajdabia (Slouk plain) 2006 Jardina-Soloq Region 2020 Wadi El-Enaghar 2021

Jabal Nafusa: Ain Rumia 1925 Gebel Nafousa, near Yefren, (4 km) W. of Ain Zarga, near Jado 1970 Gebel Nafousa 1971 (2 km) befor Gharian, Gharian, ben Yader, Sharshara 1973 (57 km) from Gharian, Aboghilan, (2 km) before Kaleba, Mangh el Bahar, Asaba, Tagma, (5 km) from Yefren, (21 km) before Yefren, Tarhuna, Sharshara 1974 Kusbat, (2 km) from main road, (26 km) from Nalut, Ain Rumia 1975 Kabau, Between Shakshuk and Qasre Al-Haj, Sharshara 1976 Tarhuna (Terghlat, Zurgan) 2018

Al-Jabal Al-Akhder: Wadi Zaza 2003 Wadi El-Kouf 2014 Wadi Al-Kouf 2021

Marmarica Plateau: From Tobruk to Egyptian Border 1999

Al-Qibla area: Wadi Nesma region 2009

Notes

Wild in Libya, medicinal plant.

This species is accepted: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:286898-1

Link of images: https://www.gbif.org/species/5377429, https://www.teline.fr/en/photos/brassicaceae/matthiola-fruticulosa, https://florealpes.com/fiche_matthiolafruticulosa.php

For more information

https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:286898-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/286898-1, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000369021, https://www.gbif.org/species/5377429, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/141978/matthiola-fruticulosa-loefl-ex-l-maire, https://www.florafauna.life/flora-lebanon/matthiola-fruticulosa, https://www.teline.fr/en/photos/brassicaceae/matthiola-fruticulosa, https://florealpes.com/fiche_matthiolafruticulosa.php, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthiola_fruticulosa

Bibliographic References

First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:

Ali, S.I. & Jafri, S.M.H. (1977) Flora of Libya, Brassicaceae Vol. (23) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya. Page. 150.

Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:

Al-Traboulsi, M. & Alaib, M.A. (2021) A Survey of medicinal plants of Wadi Al-Kouf in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. NAT. CROAT, VOL. 30. No 2. (389-404), ZAGREB. December 31, 2021. https://hrcak.srce.hr/269442, https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/390805

Medicinal plants of Wadi Al-Kouf in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. 2021

Omar, N., El-Mghrbi, N.G., Rahil, R.O., Alaib, M.A., Alzerbi, A.K. (2021) Floristic Composition and Plant Diversity of Western Part of Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya. Species-22(70), 2021. pp. (204-217). http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/index.htm, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/A4.pdf

Floristic Composition and Plant Diversity of Western Part of Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya. 2021.-مضغوط

Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1

An-updated-checklist-and-quantitative-analysis-of-the-Marmarica-Plateau-flora-مضغوط

Omar, N., Alai, M.A. & Al-Zerbi, A.K. (2020) A Survey of Weed Species of Barley Crop Fields in Farms of GMR Agricultural Project in Jardina-Soloq Region, Libya. Libyan Journal of Basic Sciences, Vol: 11, No: 1, P: 29-38, August. 2020. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Naser-Omar, https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1535

A Survey of Weed Species of Barley Crop Fields in Jardina-Soloq Region, Libya.2020

Mahklouf, M.H. Sherif, A.S, Betelmal, A. G. (2018) Floristic Study for Tarhuna-Libya. Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem, 2018, 46 (3), 337-364. http://www.hjbc.hacettepe.edu.tr/journal/volume-46/issue-3/floristic-study-for-tarhuna-libya/index.html

Floristic Study for Tarhuna–Libya. 2018

Elsayed, N. (2016) Relationship between Vegetation and Soil Seed Bank at Protected Versus Unprotected Sites at Coastal Habitats in Libya.CATRINA (2016), 15 (1): 59-68. https://scholar.google.com.eg/citations?user=mSAskW0AAAAJ&hl=en , https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18337_76652686b5c99f5fd479aebab87fbcb4.pdf

Vegetation and Soil Seed Bank at Protected Versus Unprotected Sites at Coastal Habitats in Libya. 2016

Elsayed M. A. N. (2015) Floristic Composition of the Plant Cover at Surt Region in Libya. Catrina (2015), 12 (1): 63-71-2010 By the Egyptian society for environmental SCIENCES. https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18403_37c687e375b9144800a15704e68ebad7.pdf

Floristic Composition of the Plant Cover at Surt Region in Libya. 2015

El-Mokasabi, F M. (2014) Floristic Composition and Traditional Uses of Plant Species at Wadi Al-kuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 14 (8): 685-697, 2014, ISSN 1818-769,IDOSIPublications,2014DOI:10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2014.14.08.12375. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/441b/23b83960f007044aca94e26f5c6b170fe102.pdf

Plant Species at Wadi Alkuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya 2014

Bahri, N.M. (2009) Study of the vegetation covers of Wadi Nesma region, northwest of Libya. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, College of Science, Sebha University, Libya. (In Arabic).

Al-Aib, M. A. and El-Shakhy, N. O. (2008) Weed flora of great man made river agriculture project (sirte). Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development, Vol.102, Issue 3: 241-25. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohamed-Alaib, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343655187_Weed_Flora_of_Great_Man-Made_River_Agriculture_Project_Sirte

Al-Maghrabi A.S.S. (2006) Study of the vegetation and seed bank of the zone of Ghaminis and Agedabia (Slouk plain), Master of Science Thesis, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Graduated Studies, Benghazi Branch, Libya, 2006. (In Arabic).

El-Barasi, Y. M., EI-Sherif, l. M. & Gawhari, A. M. H. (2003) Checklist and analysis of the flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza at AI-Jabal AI Akhdar (Cyrenaica, Libya). Bocconea 16 (2): 1091-1105. 2003. – ISSN 1120-4060. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ahmed-Gawhari, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281559070_Checklist_and_analysis_of_the_flora_and_vegetation_of_Wadi_Zaza_at_AI-Jabal_AI_Akhdar_Cyrenaica_Libya

Flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza at Al-Jabal AI Akhdar 2003-مضغوط

EL-Habony, A.M. (1999) Vegetation and flora of a sector along Mediterranean cost of Libya from Tobruk to Egyptian border, M.Sc. Thesis, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (in Arabic).

PAMPANINI, R. (1914). Piantae Tripolitanae, ab auctore anno 1913 […] – Firenze: 105 – under: Matthiola tristis var. coronopifolia (Sibth. & Sm.) Batt., 107 – under: Matthiola tristis var. thessala (Boiss. & Orph.) Conti, 108 – under: Matthiola tristis (L.) R.Br.