General Appearance
Paronychia arabica (L.) DC. // Infraspecifics: Paronychia arabica ssp. longiseta (Bertol.) Batt., it is a diffusely branched, annual to perennial, prostrate to sub erect herb. Branches spreading to c. 25-40 cm. articulate, internodes 5-40 mm long, ± retrorsely hairy to glabrous. Leaves sessile to shortly petioled, linear-lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 5-15 x 2-4 mm, glabrous, minutely hairy on margins, acute, mucronate; stipules 2 at each node, interpetiolar, scarious, lanceolate-ovate, 2.5-4 x c. 2 mm, shorter than leaves, entire to finely ciliate. Inflorescence dense, axillary dusters, each c. 4-10 mm in diameter. Flowers greenish-while, c. (2-) 2.5 (-3) mm long, perigynous zone distinct, densely circinate-hooked hairy; bracts akin to stipules, broadly ovate, 5-6 x 3-4 mm, glabrous, ± acuminate, completely enveloping the flowers. Sepals broadly oblong, c. 1.5-2 (-2.5) mm long with broad membranous margins and green median part, hooked hairy to glabrous outside, awned on hood awn up to 1.25 (-1.5) mm long. Petals subulate, minute. Stamens with c. 0.5 mill long, ovoid, yellow anthers. Ovary ovoid. papillose to minutely hairy; styles 2, divergent. Utricle brown, papillate, membranous, ovoid-oblong, c. 1.25 mm long. Seeds lenticular, ± compressed, c. 0.75-1 mm, glabrous.
Life Form
Phytochoria
Distribution in Libya
Al-Jafarah Plain: (30 km) from Sabratah to Zuara 1976 Tripoli 1967,1970,1976 1976 Gefara plain 2010 El-Zawia 2015 Sabratha region 2020 Researches Station of Agriculture Faculty, University of Tripoli 2021
Zliten-Misurata Plain:
Leptus Megna 2004 Kaam area 2005 Zliten (Wadi EL-Zekr) 2022
Sirte Plains: (7 Km) SE of Sitre City 2008 Sirte 2015, 2016 Wadi Soofejeen 2017 Wadi Al-Hamar Region 2020
Benghazi Plain: Wadi El-Ghattara 2010 Between Slouk and Al-Abiar 2016 Jardina-Soloq Region 2020 (35 Km) South East of Benghazi (adjacent to the Jardinah village) 2020 Wadi El-Enaghar 2021 Beach sand dunes in Karkurah 2021
Jabal Nafusa: (36 km) N. of Nalut, (7,8 km) before Zentan 1973 Rayana to Zintan 1968 Tarhuna (Dawoon, Msabha, Shersharah, Sok-El-Ahed, Terghlat, Wlaad hammad) 2018 Msallata-Garaboulli Province 2020 Wadi Kaam (Dam & lake) 2022
Al-Jabal Al-Akhder: Derna, Wadi Derna, Wadi El Tair 1967 El-Abiar, Susa, Shahat, Slonta to Marwa, Labrag 1970 Wadi Al-Agar 1999 Wadi Zaza 2003 S. of AL-Marj 2011 Valley Jarjr-oma 2013 Wadi El-Kouf 2014 Sidi Abu-Ras 2017 Al-Abiar (Sidi Amohamed forest) 2020 Wadi Al-Kouf 2021
Marmarica Plateau: Reported in Marmarica north-eastern part of Libya by Pampanini 1930 Omm Rezum 1968 Al-Tamimi to Omm Rezum 1970 Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002
Al-Qibla area: Wadi Nesma region 2009 Wadis South of Mizda 2013
Al-Jufra area: Gebel Soda 1972 (200,98 km) from Sebha to Hun, (100 km) frum Hun Wadi Soda, Gara e1-Tifarni. c. 23 km from Weshka 1973
Fezzan area: Fezzan 1972
Ghat area: Ghat (Between Acacus and Tassili Mountains) 2004 Wadi Tanezzuft 2012
Notes
Wild in Libya, in sandy soil with loamy top. Medicinal plant.
This species is accepted: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:434979-1
Link of images: https://atlas-sahara.org/Caryophyllaceae/Paronychia%20arabica/Paronychia%20arabica.html, https://www.floraofqatar.com/paronychia_arabica.htm, https://www.plantarium.ru/lang/en/page/view/item/51297.html, https://flora.org.il/en/plants/PARARA/
For more information
https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:434979-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/434979-1, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000466822, https://www.gbif.org/species/7314232, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/134005/paronychia-arabica-l-dc, https://atlas-sahara.org/Caryophyllaceae/Paronychia%20arabica/Paronychia%20arabica.html, https://www.ksanature.com/plants/paronychia_arabica/, https://www.floraofqatar.com/paronychia_arabica.htm, https://www.plantarium.ru/lang/en/page/view/item/51297.html, https://flora.org.il/en/plants/PARARA/
First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:
Jafri, S.M.H. & El-Gadi, A. (1977) Flora of Libya, Illecebraceae Vol. (37) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya. Page. 15.
Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:
Alteerah, M.A., El-Barasi, Y.M., Ali Alwerfally, A. (2023) Vegetation cover composition and seed bank study of beach sand dunes in Karkurah coastal area, east of Libya. Sustainability, Agri, Food and Environmental Research, (ISSN: 0719-3726), 11(X), 2023. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Munay-Alteerah
Vegetation cover composition and seed bank study of beach sand dunes in Karkurah coastal area. 2023
Almushghub, F., Ahmed, D., Sharaf El-Din, A., Shaltout, k. (2022) Vegetation analysis of Wadi Kaam at northwest Libya. Journal of Basic and Environmental Sciences, 9 (2022) 20-37. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357516127_Vegetation_analysis_of_Wadi_Kaam_at_northwest_Libya, https://jbes.journals.ekb.eg/article_372060_558ee8095e2cf97881a8a3cc705aa126.pdf
Vegetation analysis of Wadi Kaam at northwest Libya.2022
El-Karnawdy, F.O.M. & Swaisy, A.S.M. (2022) Current status of floristic structure in Wadi EL-Zekr, Zliten City, Libya. Middle East International Conference on Contemporary Scientific Studies-VII-Beirut Arab University, Lebanon-March 3-4, 2022. https://www.middleeastconference.org/conference-books
Current status of floristic structure in Wadi EL-Zekr, Zliten City, Libya. 2022
Al-Sghair, F.G. and Mahklouf, M.H. (2021) Vegetation Survey for Vascular Plants of Protected Area of the University of Tripoli-Libya. Species. Vol.22 (69), 2021. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n69/index.htm, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n69/A1.pdf
Vegetation Survey of Protected Area of the University of Tripoli-Libya. 2021
Al-Traboulsi, M. & Alaib, M.A. (2021) A Survey of medicinal plants of Wadi Al-Kouf in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. NAT. CROAT, VOL. 30. No 2. (389-404), ZAGREB. December 31, 2021. https://hrcak.srce.hr/269442, https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/390805
Medicinal plants of Wadi Al-Kouf in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. 2021
Omar, N., El-Mghrbi, N.G., Rahil, R.O., Alaib, M.A., Alzerbi, A.K. (2021) Floristic Composition and Plant Diversity of Western Part of Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya. Species-22(70), 2021. pp. (204-217). http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/index.htm, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/A4.pdf
Floristic Composition and Plant Diversity of Western Part of Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya. 2021.-مضغوط
Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1
An-updated-checklist-and-quantitative-analysis-of-the-Marmarica-Plateau-flora-مضغوط
Al-Amrouni, M, M., Al-Zarbi, A., Al-Aeb, M. A. (2020) Study of vegetation cover in Sidi Amohamed forest north of the city of Al-Abyar in the Al-Jabal Al-Al-Akhdar. Libya. Journal of Quality Assurance for Scientific Research-The First Issue-April-2020 (In Arabic). https://lqac.org.ly/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/PDF-1.pdf, https://independent.academia.edu/ABDULHAMIDALZERBI
دراسة الغطاء النباتي بغابة سيدي امحمد شمال مدينة الابياربالجبل الاخضر.2020
Al-khojah, H.M., Al-Yafour, L.A., Mahklouf, M.H. (2020) Floristic Study of Selected Districts in Sabratha region Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7/Issue 4 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2s5EMysAAAAJ&hl=ar, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf
Floristic Study of Selected Districts in Sabratha region Libya. 2020.
El-Taguri, H.M., El-Mogasapi, A.M., El-Barasi, Y.M. (2020) Weed Flora of Man-Made river agriculture project (Masiklo). Libyan Journal of Science & Technology 11:1 (2020) 61-64. http://repository.uob.edu.ly/bitstream/handle/123456789/1291/15.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Abdusslam-Elmogasapi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341993267_Weed_Flora_of_Man-Made_river_agriculture_project_Masiklo
Weed Flora of Man-Made river agriculture project (Masiklo). Libya.2020
Mahklouf, M.H., Sherif, A.S., Betelmal, A.G. (2020) Floristic Study and Species Diversity of Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7 / Issue 3 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341306643_Floristic_Study_and_Species_Diverisy_of_Msallata-Garaboulli_Province_in_Libya
Floristic Study and Species Diverisy of Msallata-Garaboulli Province. 2020
Omar, N.O.I., Alaib, M.A., El-Mghrbi, N.G., Alzerbi, A.K. (2020) Checklist of Flora and Floristic Study of Wadi Al-Hamar Region in Libya. Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Applied Science 6 (2), (2020) 20-24. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Naser-Omar
Checklist of Flora and Floristic Study of Wadi Al-Hamar Region in Libya. 2020
Omar, N., Alai, M.A. & Al-Zerbi, A.K. (2020) A Survey of Weed Species of Barley Crop Fields in Farms of GMR Agricultural Project in Jardina-Soloq Region, Libya. Libyan Journal of Basic Sciences, Vol: 11, No: 1, P: 29-38, August. 2020. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Naser-Omar, https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1535
A Survey of Weed Species of Barley Crop Fields in Jardina-Soloq Region, Libya.2020
Mahklouf, M.H. Sherif, A.S, Betelmal, A. G. (2018) Floristic Study for Tarhuna-Libya. Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem, 2018, 46 (3), 337-364. http://www.hjbc.hacettepe.edu.tr/journal/volume-46/issue-3/floristic-study-for-tarhuna-libya/index.html
Floristic Study for Tarhuna–Libya. 2018
Bahri, N.M. (2017) Identify, Limit and Determine the Vegetation Types of Wadi Ka’am Areas, Libya. Journal of Marine Sciences and Environmental Technologies-Volume (3) -Issue (2) (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371282756_altrf_ly_alanwa_alnbatyt_lmnatq_wady_kam_whsrha_wthdyd_ashkal_nmwha
التعرف على الانواع النباتية لمناطق وادي كعام وحصرها وتحديد أشكال نموها. 2017 .
El-Zerbi, A. K. & Al-Aib, M.A. (2017) Study of vegetation cover in Sidi Bouras region, Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering JESE, VOL. 1, No. 1, January 2017. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Abdulhamid-Alzerbi, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326461390_aalkhdr_baljbl_bwras_sydy_bmntqt_alnbaty_alghta_drast-lybya
دراسة الغطاء النباتي بمنطقة سيدي بوراس –الجبل الاخضر 2017
Elsayed, N. (2016) Relationship between Vegetation and Soil Seed Bank at Protected Versus Unprotected Sites at Coastal Habitats in Libya.CATRINA (2016), 15 (1): 59-68. https://scholar.google.com.eg/citations?user=mSAskW0AAAAJ&hl=en , https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18337_76652686b5c99f5fd479aebab87fbcb4.pdf
Raheel, RO. M., El-Borasi, Y. M., El-Barrani, M. W., El-Hassi, S. (2016) Study of Flora and vegetation cover of the semi-desert area between Salouq and Al-Abyar-the first high of Jabal Al-Akhdar-Libya, Fourth Scientific Conference for Environment and Sustainable Development In dry and semi-arid areas. Ajdabia. Libya. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi , https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rebeh-Rahil
دراسة الفلورا والغطاء النباتي للمنطقة الشبه صحراوية الممتدة بين مدينتي سلوق والابيار . 2016
Al-Fiqi, Abd al-Salam M., Abul-Qasim, R. (2015) Inventory of the vegetation cover surrounding Al-Zawiya University. The Libyan Journal of Science Volume 18, 2014/2015 .(In Arabic) https://uot.edu.ly/journals/index.php/ljs/issue/view/24
حصرالغطاء النباتى المحيط بجامعة الزاوية. 2015
Elsayed M. A. N. (2015) Floristic Composition of the Plant Cover at Surt Region in Libya. Catrina (2015), 12 (1): 63-71-2010 By the Egyptian society for environmental SCIENCES. https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18403_37c687e375b9144800a15704e68ebad7.pdf
Floristic Composition of the Plant Cover at Surt Region in Libya. 2015
El-Mokasabi, F M. (2014) Floristic Composition and Traditional Uses of Plant Species at Wadi Al-kuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 14 (8): 685-697, 2014, ISSN 1818-769,IDOSIPublications,2014DOI:10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2014.14.08.12375. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/441b/23b83960f007044aca94e26f5c6b170fe102.pdf
Plant Species at Wadi Alkuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya 2014
Abusaief, H. M. A. (2013) Life forms and rangeland for many habitats of Jarjar oma in Al-Jabal Al- Akhdar on Mediterranean Sea. Journal of American Science 2013;9(5) http://www.jofamericanscience.org/journals/am-sci/am0905/029_17747am0905_236_249.pdf
Life forms and rangeland for many habitats of Jarjar oma in Al- Jabal Al- Akhdar. 2013
Mohamed, F.J. (2013) A Taxonomic Study of Wadis Flora South of Mizda at the intersections with Mizda-Sebha Highway. Master Thesis. Department of Botany-Faculty of Science-Sebha University. Libya. (In Arabic).
Mukassabi, T.A, Ahmidat, G., Sherif, I.M., ELMogasapi, A. (2012) Checklist and life forms of plant species in contrasting climatic zones of Libya. Biological Diversity and Conservation – 5 / 3 (2012) https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/biodicon/issue/55888/765799, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259357995_Checklist_and_life_forms_of_plant_species_in_contrasting_climatic_zones_of_Libya
Checklist and life forms of plant species in contrasting climatic zones of Libya. 2012
EL-Barasi, Y. M., Barrani, M. W., Abdelsalam, O. EL-Amrouni, N., Mohamad, F. (2011) Check list of flora and vegetation on south EL-Marj zone: south EL-Jabal EL-Akhadar. Libya. Annals of Faculty Engineering Hunedoara-International Journal of Engineering. Tome IX (Year 2011). Fascicule 3. ISSN 1584-2673, 141-146. http://annals.fih.upt.ro/pdf-full/2011/ANNALS-2011-3-24.pdf
FLORA AND VEGETATION ON SOUTH EL-MARJ ZONE SOUTH EL-JABAL EL-AKHADAR.2011
Abu Ajila, A. M. K. & Ahmed, A. N. (2010) A study of the quantitative characteristics of vegetation covers in Al-Jafara plain. Libya. African J. Biol. Sci., 6 (3):111-121(2010) ISSN 1687-4870. (In Arabic).
دراسة الخصائص الكمية للغطاء النباتي بمنطقة سهل الجفارة- ليبيا. 2010
El-Rabiai, G.T., Al tira, F.M., Lamlom, S.H. (2010) Preliminary Checklist for the Flora of Wadi El Ghattara in Libya. Garyounis University Press Journal of Science and Its Applications Vol. 4, No. 1, pp 39-47, December 2010. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Wz8jpkIAAAAJ&hl=ar, https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ALTsoucAAAAJ&hl=en, https://journals.uob.edu.ly/index.php/sjuob/issue/view/71
Checklist for the Flora of Wadi El Ghattara in Libya. 2010
Bahri, N.M. (2009) Study of the vegetation covers of Wadi Nesma region, northwest of Libya. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, College of Science, Sebha University, Libya. (In Arabic).
Al-Aib, M. A. and El-Shakhy, N. O. (2008) Weed flora of great man made river agriculture project (sirte). Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development, Vol.102, Issue 3: 241-25. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohamed-Alaib, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343655187_Weed_Flora_of_Great_Man-Made_River_Agriculture_Project_Sirte
Al-Shif, N. S. (2005) a taxonomic study of the plants of the Kaam region. Master Thesis, College of Science, Al-Marqab University, Al-Khums, Libya. (In Arabic).
Ahmidat, Gh. (2004) Study of the vegetation cover of the area between the Acacus Mountains and the Tassili Mountains (Ghat). Master Thesis. Department of Botany.College of Science. Sebha University. Libya. (In Arabic).
El-Komati, A. F. (2004) Medicinal plants in the Shapiat of Marqab, their distribution, classification and importance. Master Thesis. Biology Department- Faculty of Science-Al-Marqab University. Al-Khums. Libya. (In Arabic).
El-Barasi, Y. M., EI-Sherif, l. M. & Gawhari, A. M. H. (2003) Checklist and analysis of the flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza at AI-Jabal AI Akhdar (Cyrenaica, Libya). Bocconea 16 (2): 1091-1105. 2003. – ISSN 1120-4060. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ahmed-Gawhari, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281559070_Checklist_and_analysis_of_the_flora_and_vegetation_of_Wadi_Zaza_at_AI-Jabal_AI_Akhdar_Cyrenaica_Libya
Flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza at Al-Jabal AI Akhdar 2003-مضغوط
El-Shaary M.S. (2002). The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic).
Al-Hamadi R.I. (1999) Floristic and ecological study of Wadi Al-Agar, Master Thesis, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (In Arabic).
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