Echium plantagineum L.

Family: Boraginaceae
Flowering Time: Jan-Mar.

General Appearance

Echium plantagineum L., it is an erect annual or biennial herb, up to 20-60 cm tall, with 1-many flowering stems, covered with soft tubercle-based spreading hairs. Basal leaves usually in a rosette, ± ovate, 40-120 x 12-15 mm, with distinct, lateral nerves, covered with more or less soft appressed setae. Cauline leaves smaller. more or less cordate at the base, oblong to lanceolate. Cyme terminal or axillary. Calyx 6-10 mm at anthesis, up to 15 mm in fruit, lobes linear-lanceolate. Corolla blue, infundibulifurm, 18-35 mm long; glabrous except on the veins and the margins; limb rounded, 11-14 mm in diameter. Only 2 stamens exerted; anthers violet, oblong, c. 1 mm long. Style bifid, very sparcely pilose, style bifid for nearly 1 mm. Nutlets 4, c. 3 x 3 mm, ovoid, bipyramidal with dorsal and ventral keel, tuberculate and faintly striate.

Life Form

Th

Phytochoria

MED+ES. The native range of this species is Macaronesia to Caucasus.

Distribution in Libya

Al-Jafarah Plain:  Tripoli 1979  Sabrata 2008  Sabratha region 2020

Zliten-Misurata Plain:  Kaam area 2005

Jabal Nafusa:  Sarshara 1976

Al-Jabal Al-Akhder:  (12 km) E. of El-Merj 1968  Wadi Al-Agar 1999  Wadi Zaza 2003  Wadi Haboon 2015

Al-Qibla area:  Wadis South of Mizda 2013

Al-Jufra area:  (52 km) from Bugrain to Hun 1978

Bibliographic References

First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:

Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A. (1979) Flora of Libya, Boraginaceae Vol. (68) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya. Page. 37.

Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:

Al-khojah, H.M., Al-Yafour, L.A., Mahklouf, M.H. (2020) Floristic Study of Selected Districts in Sabratha region Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7/Issue 4 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2s5EMysAAAAJ&hl=ar, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf

Floristic Study of Selected Districts in Sabratha region Libya. 2020.

El-Rabiai, G.T. & Al tira, M. (2015) Checklist of the Flora of Wadi Haboon at AI Jabal AI Akhdar (Cyrenaica, Libya). International Journal of Pharmacy & Life Sciences 6(8-9): Aug-Sep, 2015:4661-4665] Coden (USA): IJPLCP ISSN: 0976-7126. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Munay-Alteerah https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292919013_Checklist_of_the_Flora_of_Wadi_Haboonat_AI_Jabal_AI_Akhdar_Cyrenaica_Libya

Checklist of the Flora of Wadi Haboonat AI Jabal AI Akhdar. 2015

Mohamed, F.J. (2013) A Taxonomic Study of Wadis Flora South of Mizda at the intersections with Mizda-Sebha Highway. Master Thesis. Department of Botany-Faculty of Science-Sebha University. Libya. (In Arabic).

El-Yafour, L. A. (2008) Taxonomic study of the vegetation properties of Sabratha city Master Thesis. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Al-Zawiya University, Libya. (In Arabic).

Al-Shif, N. S. (2005) a taxonomic study of the plants of the Kaam region. Master Thesis, College of Science, Al-Marqab University, Al-Khums, Libya. (In Arabic).

El-Barasi, Y. M., EI-Sherif, l. M. & Gawhari, A. M. H. (2003) Checklist and analysis of the flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza at AI-Jabal AI Akhdar (Cyrenaica, Libya). Bocconea 16 (2): 1091-1105. 2003. – ISSN 1120-4060. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ahmed-Gawhari,  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281559070_Checklist_and_analysis_of_the_flora_and_vegetation_of_Wadi_Zaza_at_AI-Jabal_AI_Akhdar_Cyrenaica_Libya

Flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza at Al-Jabal AI Akhdar 2003-مضغوط

Al-Hamadi R.I. (1999) Floristic and ecological study of Wadi Al-Agar, Master Thesis, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (In Arabic).

Prodr. Fl. Ciren.: 383 (1931).  https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/records/item/14218-prodromo-della-flora-cirenaica

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