Euphorbia retusa Forssk.

Common Name: Lebbana.
Family: Euphorbiaceae

General Appearance

Euphorbia retusa Forssk., it is a perennating herb, up to 40 cm tall, glabrous, glaucescent, often much branched from the base, with somewhat fistular stems and thick fleshy tap root. Cauline leaves sub fleshy, ovate-oblong, variable, smaller; margin entire or obscurely serrulate, sessile. Ray or ray let leaves 2-3, broadened and cordate at base, caudate-acuminate, pectinate-serrate, often recurved at tip, usually much larger and broader than the cauline leaves. Cyathium glands transversely ovate, with 2-4, short horns at edge or palmately 6-10-cleft. Capsules 5-6 mm, ovate, oblongish, somewhat constricted above the middle, rounded, glabrous, smooth. Seeds 2-2.5 mm, with 4 prominent, and some shorter lobes on large, sub membranous caruncle.

Flowering in: Feb.-May.

Life Form

Ch

Phytochoria

SA. The native range of this species is Mauritania, N. Africa to Jordan and Arabian Peninsula.

Distribution in Libya

Al-Jafarah Plain:  Wadi Al Atal, sandy and stony ground 1975, 1976

Zliten-Misurata Plain:  Kaam area 2005 Misurata 2006,2015  Misurata (Sassu Valley) 2016

Sirte Plains:  Bougrain to Al Buayrat 1967  Wadi Sofegin 1978  Sirte 2015, 2016  Wadi Soofejeen 2017

Benghazi Plain:  Ajdabia (Al-Bedan) 2016

Jabal Nafusa:  Yefren, (108 km) S.E. Jado 1970  Kabao 1976   Wadi Kaam 2017  Gharyan (Sedrores Mountains) 2020

Al-Jabal Al-Akhder:  Wadi El-Kouf 2014

Marmarica Plateau:  Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002

Al-Qibla area:  Wadi Nesma region 2009  Wadis South of Mizda 2013

Ghadames area:  Ain Migzim, (10 km) from main road and turning of main road from Ghadames, (184 km) from Nalut to Ghadames 1975

Al-Jufra area:  (30 km) from Hun to Bugrain 1973  (50 km) from Hun to Bugrain 1976   (12 km) from Faghe to Zella, (52 km) from Bugrain to Hun 1978

 

First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:

Jafri, S.M.H. & El-Gadi, A. (1982) Flora of Libya, Euphorbiaceae Vol.  (89) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya. Page. 28.

Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:

Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1

An-updated-checklist-and-quantitative-analysis-of-the-Marmarica-Plateau-flora-مضغوط

El-Ahmir, S.M., Mahklouf, M.H., Shanta, M.B., Abo-Jaafer, H.A. (2020) Floristic Study of Sedrores Mountains in Gharyan District-Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology. Volume 8 / Issue 1. ISSN: 2348-7313. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sh-Hoob-El-Ahmir, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf

Floristic Study of Sedrores Mountains in Gharyan District – Libya. 2020

Bahri, N.M. (2017) Identify, Limit and Determine the Vegetation Types of Wadi Ka’am Areas, Libya. Journal of Marine Sciences and Environmental Technologies-Volume (3) -Issue (2) (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371282756_altrf_ly_alanwa_alnbatyt_lmnatq_wady_kam_whsrha_wthdyd_ashkal_nmwha

التعرف على الانواع النباتية لمناطق وادي كعام وحصرها وتحديد أشكال نموها. 2017 .

Aljarroushi, M.M. & Almedham, K. E. (2016) Geographical distribution and Life form of plants in Sassu Valley, Misurata area, Libya. Al-satil Vol. 10 No. 15 March 2016. (In Arabic) https://search.mandumah.com/Record/813441

Geographical distribution and Life form of plants in Sassu Valley, Misurata area. 2016

Elsayed, N. (2016) Relationship between Vegetation and Soil Seed Bank at Protected Versus Unprotected Sites at Coastal Habitats in Libya.CATRINA (2016), 15 (1): 59-68. https://scholar.google.com.eg/citations?user=mSAskW0AAAAJ&hl=en , https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18337_76652686b5c99f5fd479aebab87fbcb4.pdf

Vegetation and Soil Seed Bank at Protected Versus Unprotected Sites at Coastal Habitats in Libya. 2016

El-Zerbi, A. K., Al-Borki, A. S., Al-Aib, M.A. (2016) Study of vegetation in Protected Al-Bedan southeast of Ajdabiya, Libya. Journal of Marine Sciences and Environmental Technologies-No. (2) Volume (2) December 2016. ISSN: 2413-5267(In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Abdulhamid-Alzerbi, https://journals.asmarya.edu.ly/jmset/index.php/JMSET/article/view/103, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371283472_drast_alghta_alnbaty_bmhmyt_albydan_jnwb_shrq_ajdabya_lybya

دراسة الغطاء النباتي بمحمية البيضان جنوب شرق اجدابيا- ليبيا. 2016

Aljarroushi, M.M. & Almedham, K.E. (2015) Natural plant cover composition in Misurata area, Libya. Assiut Journal for Environmental Studies-42nd Issue-July 2015. (In Arabic).

تركيب الغطاء النباتي الطبيعي في منطقة مصراتة 2015

Elsayed M. A. N. (2015) Floristic Composition of the Plant Cover at Surt Region in Libya. Catrina (2015), 12 (1): 63-71-2010 By the Egyptian society for environmental SCIENCES. https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18403_37c687e375b9144800a15704e68ebad7.pdf

Floristic Composition of the Plant Cover at Surt Region in Libya. 2015

El-Mokasabi, F M. (2014) Floristic Composition and Traditional Uses of Plant Species at Wadi Al-kuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 14 (8): 685-697, 2014, ISSN 1818-769,IDOSIPublications,2014DOI:10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2014.14.08.12375. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/441b/23b83960f007044aca94e26f5c6b170fe102.pdf

Plant Species at Wadi Alkuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya 2014

Mohamed, F.J. (2013) A Taxonomic Study of Wadis Flora South of Mizda at the intersections with Mizda-Sebha Highway. Master Thesis. Department of Botany-Faculty of Science-Sebha University. Libya. (In Arabic).

Bahri, N.M. (2009) Study of the vegetation covers of Wadi Nesma region, northwest of Libya. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, College of Science, Sebha University, Libya. (In Arabic).

Al-Dana, S. M. M. (2006) Taxonomic study of wild flower plants in some areas of Misrata. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Misurata University (7 October previously) Misurata, Libya. (In Arabic).

Al-Shif, N. S. (2005) a taxonomic study of the plants of the Kaam region. Master Thesis, College of Science, Al-Marqab University, Al-Khums, Libya. (In Arabic).

El-Shaary M.S. (2002). The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic).

PAMPANINI, R. (1914). Piantae Tripolitanae, ab auctore anno 1913 […] – Firenze: 180 – under: Euphorbia cornuta Pers.

 

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