Cephalaria syriaca (L.) Schrad., it is an annual herb, up to 20-80 cm tall. The stems are slender, simple or branched, with rough, bristly hairs. The leaves are pubescent, oblong to oblanceolate, simple, more or less ciliate; the lower ones are entire or denticulate, the upper ones are generally entire and connate at the base. The flowers are arranged in ovoid heads, 10-20 mm long, borne on a long, slender, grooved peduncle, more or less bristly, or sessile in the forks of the branches. The involucral bracts are long-ovate or broadly triangular; the outer ones are acuminate, 8-12 × 2-5 mm, and oblong; the inner ones are awned and pubescent. The involucral bracteoles are 8-12 × 3-5 mm, oblong, abruptly tapering, awned, pubescent, and ciliate on the upper margins. The calyx is awned, with bristles 1 to 1.5 mm long, and silky or rarely pubescent. The corollas, pale blue or lilac, are silky on the outside, 8 to 14 mm long, with lobes 3 to 5 mm long. The achenes measure 6.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, and 2.1 mm thick. The seeds are ellipsoid achenes with a cup-shaped calyx and a hairy, octagonal involucre ending in apical spines (four longer, four shorter; Their surface is matte or slightly glossy, pubescent, and yellowish-brown.
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