Retama raetam (Forssk.) Webb & Berthel.

Common Name: Ratam
Family: Fabaceae
Flowering Time: February – May

General Appearance

A shrub, up to 2 m high, erect, oppressed and silky hairy, much branched with spreading to hanging young, greenish branches, often turning yellowish with age.

Leaves

Leaves linear, to linear-oblong, 5-20 x 3-8 mm, sericeous, deciduous.

Flowers

Racemes 1-5-flowered, along twigs. Flowers 10-15 mm long, white with purplish calyces, and tips of petals, often becoming cream-coloured on drying.

Fruits

Pods (7-) 10-20 x 5-9 mm. ovoid or obovoid-ellipsoid or -oblong, shortly beaked, pericarp leathery or fleshy, smooth or wrinkled. Seed yellow to brown.

Life Form

N.Ph

Phytochoria

MED+SA, The native range of this species is S. Sicilia, S. & E. Medit. to Sahara and Arabian Peninsula.

Distribution in Libya

  • Al-Jafarah Plain: Tripoli 1970,1976 Sabrata 2008 Tripoli 2010 Bir-Ayad 2013 Jafara Plain (Wadi Ghado) 2015 El-Zawia 2015 Sabratha region 2020 Coastal of Tripoli 2020 Researches Station of Agriculture Faculty, University of Tripoli 2021
  • Zliten-Misurata Plain: Leptis Magna 1973,1977 Leptus Megna 2004 Kaam area 2005 Misurata 2006, 2008, 2015 Misurata (Sassu Valley) 2016 Leptus Magna 2017 Zliten (Wadi EL-Zekr) 2022 Zliten coast 2022
  • Sirte Plains: (7 Km) SE of Sitre City 2008 Sirte 2015, 2016 Wadi Al-Hamar Region 2020
  • Benghazi Plain: Qaminas area, Al-Maqron area 2006 Wadi El-Ghattara 2010 Between Slouk and Al-Abiar 2015 Zweitina area (Sandy beach) 2016 Ajdabia (Al-Jaledia) 2017 Wadi El-Enaghar 2021 Beach sand dunes in Karkurah 2021
  • Jabal Nafusa: (2 km) before Gharian 1973 Msallata (Shaafeen) 2008 Msallata National Park (Shaafeen) 2013 Gasar Akhiar, Ghanima 2016 Jabal Nafusa (Wadi El-Watiah), Abughilan, Gharian-Nalut 2016 Tarhuna (Khsaya, Meghawsha, Msabha, Sok-El-Ahed, Terghlat, Whedat, Zurgan) 2018 Msallata-Garaboulli Province 2020 Gharyan (Sedrores Mountains) 2020 Wadi Kaam (Dam & lake, Main course, Headwaters) 2022
  • Al-Jabal Al-Akhder: El-kouf area 1984 El-Hamamah to Biada 2003 Valley Jarjr-oma 2013 Wadi El-Kouf 2014 Barce, Wadi El-Ager 2016 Al-Abiar (Sidi Amohamed forest) 2020 Wadi Al-Kouf 2021
  • Marmarica Plateau: Reported in Marmarica north-eastern part of Libya by Pampanini 1930 (30km) from Hun, (7km) from Weddan 1973 Between Bu-Njim and Hun 1976 From Tobruk to Egyptian Border 1999 Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002 Al-Makhili 2007 Dafna region (Tobruk to Msaid) 2008 Wadi Nesma region 2009 Wadis South of Mizda 2013EL-Harouge mountain 2012 EL-Jufra 2018

Notes

Wild in Libya.

Bibliographic References

  1. Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan: Jafri, S.M.H. & El-Gadi, A. (1980) Flora of Libya, Fabaceae Vol. (86) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya.
  2. Almushghub, F., Ahmed, D., Sharaf El-Din, A., Shaltout, k. (2022) Vegetation analysis of Wadi Kaam at northwest Libya. Journal of Basic and Environmental Sciences, 9 (2022) 20-37. https://bit.ly/41ReGFx, https://jbesci.org/viewp.php?files=published/9.1.3.pdf&id=213, https://jbesci.org/published/9.1.3.pdf
  3. El-Karnawdy, F.O.M. & Swaisy, A.S.M. (2022) Current status of floristic structure in Wadi EL-Zekr, Zliten City, Libya. Middle East International Conference on Contemporary Scientific Studies-VII-Beirut Arab University, Lebanon-March 3-4, 2022. https://www.middleeastconference.org/_files/ugd/614b1f_77fabd66c5054350a95423613bc913b6.pdf, https://www.middleeastconference.org/conference-books
  4. El-karnawdy, F.O.M., Abogmiza, A.F.M., Alsouyid, H.M.M., Ajaj. K.A.K. (2022) Floristic composition of Zygophyllum coccineum L. Associates in Zliten coast, Libya. 5th International African conference on current studies. February 2-5, 2022 Cairo, Egypt.
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