General Appearance
Pancratium maritimum L., it is a bulbous geophyte, perennial plant 30-60 cm, glabrous, with a very large oval bulb, c, 7 cm in diameter, outer tunics membranous, dark-brown in colour. Leaves, 8-20 mm wide, glaucous, protruding from the sturdy compressed stem; white flowers, very large, fragrant, 3-15 in umbel; spathe large, with valves much shorter than the floral tube; linear bracteoles; perianth 10-15 cm long, with a narrow tube, dilated in its upper quarter, much longer than the blade with lanceolate-linear divisions; crown large, funnel-shaped, fused to the perianth in its lower third and equal to 2 thirds of its divisions, with 12 triangular-acute teeth placed 2 by 2 between each stamen with a short free filament. Capsule subglobular-elongatcd c. 2.5 cm in cross section. Seeds black, triangular or angular,1-1.3 cm diameter, compressed seeds.
Life Form
Phytochoria
Distribution in Libya
Al-Jafarah Plain:
Reported from Tripoli & Misurata by Keith Surman 1977 Sabrath 2008 Sabratha region 2020 Coastal of Tripoli 2020
Zliten-Misurata Plain:
Leptus Magna 1970 Leptus Megna 2004 Kaam area 2005 Misurata 2006,2008 Zliten coast 2022
Sirte Plains:
Sirte 2015, 2016
Benghazi Plain:
Deriana,(40km) from Benghazi 1972 Zweitina area (Sandy beach) 2016 Beach sand dunes in Karkurah 2021
Jabal Nafusa:
Reported from Khoms by Keith Msallata-Garaboulli Province 2020
Al-Jabal Al-Akhader:
El-Kouf area 1984 Wadi Al-Agar 1999 valley Jarjar oma 2017 From Nuqrat Said to Wadi Al-Zagzoog 2019 Wadi Al-Kouf 2021
Marmarica Plateau:
Reported in Marmarica north-eastern part of Libya by Pampanini 1930 From Tobruk to Egyptian Border 1999 Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002
Notes
Wild in Libya, medicinal plant.
Link of images: https://www.teline.fr/en/photos/amaryllidaceae/pancratium-maritimum, https://www.maltawildplants.com/AMRY/Pancratium_maritimum.php, https://www.florealpes.com/fiche_pancramar.php
For more information
https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:66466-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/66466-1, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000729569, https://www.gbif.org/species/2853283, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/156126/pancratium-maritimum-l, https://www.preservons-la-nature.fr/flore/taxon/3135.html, https://www.florealpes.com/fiche_pancramar.php, https://www.teline.fr/en/photos/amaryllidaceae/pancratium-maritimum, https://www.maltawildplants.com/AMRY/Pancratium_maritimum.php, https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=pancratium+maritimum, http://www.flowersinisrael.com/Pancratiummaritimum_page.htm, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110093115000058, https://www.flowersofchania.com/pancratium-maritimum.html, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancratium_maritimum
First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:
Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A. (1978) Flora of Libya, Amaryllidaceae Vol. (51) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya.
Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:
El-karnawdy, F.O.M., Abogmiza, A.F.M., Alsouyid, H.M.M., Ajaj. K.A.K. (2022) Floristic composition of Zygophyllum coccineum L. Associates in Zliten coast, Libya. 5th International African conference on current studies. February 2-5, 2022 Cairo, Egypt.
Al-Traboulsi, M. & Alaib, M.A. (2021) A Survey of medicinal plants of Wadi Al-Kouf in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. NAT. CROAT, VOL. 30. No 2. (389-404), ZAGREB. December 31, 2021. https://hrcak.srce.hr/269442 , https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/390805
Alteerah, M.A., El-Barasi, Y.M., Ali Alwerfally, A. (2021) Vegetation cover composition and seed bank study of beach sand dunes in Karkurah coastal area, east of Libya. Sustainability, Agri, Food and Environmental Research. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi , https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Munay-Alteerah
Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1
Al-khojah, H.M., Al-Yafour, L.A., Mahklouf, M.H. (2020) Floristic Study of Selected Districts in Sabratha region Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7/Issue 4 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://zenodo.org/records/3830169, https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2s5EMysAAAAJ&hl=ar, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf
Mahklouf, M.H. (2020) Biodiversity of the coastal flora of Tripoli Province. Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 58: 13-19, 2020. BRC http://www.brc.amu.edu.pl, http://brc.amu.edu.pl/pdf-127341-54763?filename=Biodiversity%20of%20the.pdf, http://brc.amu.edu.pl/Issue-58-2020,9131
Mahklouf, M.H., Sherif, A.S., Betelmal, A.G. (2020) Floristic Study and Species Diversity of Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7 / Issue 3 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341306643_Floristic_Study_and_Species_Diverisy_of_Msallata-Garaboulli_Province_in_Libya
Ali, A. M., Lashhab, S. R., Abu-Aweena, A. A.M. (2019) Classification of vegetation cover and its geographical distribution in the area extending between Al-Haniya and Wadi Zagzoog in the north to Lasastata and Bishtaya in the south. Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar eastern Libya. Issue (61) Journal of Science and Human Studies- Al-Marj-University of Benghazi-Libya (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/sd-lshhb
Dakeel, E. H., Alaib, M. A., & Asker, A. M. (2017). Comparative Study of Medicinal Plants in Al Mansora and Jarjar oma, Al Jabal Al Akhdar, Libya [Version 1; awaiting peer review]. Control, 1, 4. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8C9KFnIAAAAJ&hl=en
Elsayed, N. (2016) Relationship between Vegetation and Soil Seed Bank at Protected Versus Unprotected Sites at Coastal Habitats in Libya.CATRINA (2016), 15 (1): 59-68. https://scholar.google.com.eg/citations?user=mSAskW0AAAAJ&hl=en , https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18337_76652686b5c99f5fd479aebab87fbcb4.pdf
Daidah AM, Mugassby MF (2016) Study of the vegetation of coastal sand dune in Zwaitina area. Eastern Libya. Proceeding of the Fourth Scientific Conference of Environment and Sustainable Development in the Arid and Semi- Arid Regions (ICESD); 2016 Nov 20–22; Ajdabiya (Libya); p. 857–864 (In Arabic).
Elsayed M. A. N. (2015) Floristic Composition of the Plant Cover at Surt Region in Libya. Catrina (2015), 12 (1): 63-71-2010 By the Egyptian society for environmental SCIENCES. https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18403_37c687e375b9144800a15704e68ebad7.pdf
Baayo, Kh. A. (2008): Floristic composition and Phytochorological Analysis of Misratah area, Libya, Assiut Univ.J. of Botany 37(2), P-P. 33-78 (2008)
El-Yafour, L. A. (2008) Taxonomic study of the vegetation properties of Sabratha city Master Thesis. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Al-Zawiya University, Libya. (In Arabic)
Al-Dana, S. M. M. (2006) Taxonomic study of wild flower plants in some areas of Misrata. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Misurata University (7 October previously) Misurata, Libya. (In Arabic)
Al-Shif, N. S. (2005) a taxonomic study of the plants of the Kaam region. Master Thesis, College of Science, Al-Marqab University, Al-Khums, Libya. (In Arabic)
El-Komati, A. F. (2004) Medicinal plants in the Shapiat of Marqab, their distribution, classification and importance. Master Thesis. Biology Department- Faculty of Science-Al-Marqab University. Al-Khums. Libya. (In Arabic)
El-Shaary MS. 2002. The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic)
Al-Habony MEE 1999. Vegetation and flora of a sector along Mediterranean Coast of Libya from Tobruk to Egyptian border. MSc. Thesis. Department of Botany. Faculty of Science. Benghazi University. Benghazi. Libya.
Al-Hamadi R.I. (1999) Floristic and ecological study of wadi Al-Agar, Master Thesis, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (In Arabic)
The Arab Center for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (1984) Project for the Study of Al-Kouf National Park. Vegetation Cover Studies.
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