Flora

Eryngium maritimum L.

Family: Apiaceae

Flowering Time: Apr-Aug.

General Appearance

Eryngium maritimum L., it is a perennial herb with thick rhizome, glabrous, glaucous, mostly forming globular tufts, up to 60 cm, branched above. Leaves leathery, thick, pale-yellowish or whitish, prickly-lobed, conspicuously veined; basal leaves 5-10 x 5-15 cm, long-petioled, suborbicular to truncate or cordate-reniform at base, undivided or palmately lobed, coarsely dentate or lobulate at margin; upper leaves 3-8 cm long and broad, clasping; palmately lobed, lobes triangular and terminating in long sharp spines. Heads many flowered, usually 2-3 x (0.8-) 1-1.5 (-2) cm; bracts 3-5 (-7), broadly rhombic to ovate, 2-5 x I-3 cm, usually with 3-5 spiny lobes; bracteolcsc, 1 cm, longer than the flowers, narrowly lanceolate, 3-cuspidate. Sepals 4-5 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, aristate, broadly scarious-margincd. Fruit c. 8 x 5 mm. brownish, spongy, densely scaly prickly, crowned with the spreading calyx-teeth.

Life Form

Phytochoria

MED+ES. The native range of this species is Coastal Europe, Medit. to W. Caucasus,

Distribution in Libya

Al-Jafarah Plain:

Coastal of Tripoli 2020

Zliten-Misurata Plain:

Leptis Magns 1974 Leptus Megna 2004 Misurata 2006,2008,2015 Zliten coast 2022

Benghazi Plain:

Beach sand dunes in Karkurah 2021

Al-Jabal Al-Akhder:

Wadi El-Akar, Wadi Algharega, Wadi El-Kouf 2011

Marmarica Plateau:

Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002 Dafna region (Tobruk to Msaid) 2008

Notes

Wild in Libya, medicinal plant.

Link of images: https://www.florealpes.com/fiche_eryngiummari.php, https://www.teline.fr/en/photos/apiaceae/eryngium-maritimum, https://herbarivirtual.uib.es/en/general/329/especie/eryngium-maritimum-l- https://www.i-flora.com/en/fact-sheets/search-for-species/art/show/eryngium-maritimum.html

For more information

https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:841903-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/841903-1, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000678057, https://www.gbif.org/species/3034391, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/154726/eryngium-maritimum-l, https://www.preservons-la-nature.fr/flore/taxon/2319.html, https://www.i-flora.com/en/fact-sheets/search-for-species/art/show/eryngium-maritimum.html, https://www.teline.fr/en/photos/apiaceae/eryngium-maritimum, https://www.florealpes.com/fiche_eryngiummari.php, https://herbarivirtual.uib.es/en/general/329/especie/eryngium-maritimum-l-, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eryngium_maritimum

Bibliographic References

First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:

Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A. (1985) Flora of Libya, Apiaceae Vol. (117) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya.

Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:

El-karnawdy, F.O.M., Abogmiza, A.F.M., Alsouyid, H.M.M., Ajaj. K.A.K. (2022) Floristic composition of Zygophyllum coccineum L. Associates in Zliten coast, Libya. 5^thInternational African conference on current studies. February 2-5, 2022 Cairo, Egypt.

Alteerah, M.A., El-Barasi, Y.M., Ali Alwerfally, A. (2021) Vegetation cover composition and seed bank study of beach sand dunes in Karkurah coastal area, east of Libya. Sustainability, Agri, Food and Environmental Research. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi , https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Munay-Alteerah

Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1

Mahklouf, M.H. (2020) Biodiversity of the coastal flora of Tripoli Province. Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 58: 13-19, 2020. BRC http://www.brc.amu.edu.pl, http://brc.amu.edu.pl/pdf-127341-54763?filename=Biodiversity%20of%20the.pdf, http://brc.amu.edu.pl/Issue-58-2020,9131

Aljarroushi, M.M. & Almedham, K.E. (2015) Natural plant cover composition in Misurata area, Libya. Assiut Journal for Environmental Studies-42nd issue-July 2015. (In Arabic).

Hegazyi, A.K., Boulos, L., Kabiel, H.F. and Sharashy, O.S. (2011) Vegetaion and species altitudinal distribution in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar landscape, Libya. Pak. J. Bot., 43(4): 1885-1898, 2011. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ahmad-Hegazy-2, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hanan_Kabiel/publication/249011161_Vegetation_and_species_altitudinal_distribution_in_Al-Jabal_Al-Akhdar_landscape_Libya/links/58171d7c08ae90acb24128b9.pdf

Baayo, Kh. A. (2008): Floristic composition and Phytochorological Analysis of Misratah area, Libya, Assiut Univ.J. of Botany 37(2), P-P. 33-78 (2008).

Barrani, M. W. (2008) A study of environmental degradation factors in the semi-desert Dafna Region-Libya. Master Thesis-Department of Science and environmental Engineering-Postgraduate Academy Benghazi branch. (In Arabic).

Al-Dana, S. M. M. (2006) Taxonomic study of wild flower plants in some areas of Misrata. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Misurata University (7 October previously) Misurata, Libya. (In Arabic).

El-Komati, A. F. (2004) Medicinal plants in the Shapiat of Marqab, their distribution, classification and importance. Master Thesis. Biology Department- Faculty of Science-Al-Marqab University. Al-Khums. Libya. (In Arabic).

El-Shaary M.S. (2002). The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic).