General Appearance
Cynara cornigera Lindl., it is a perennial pant dwarf. 10-20 (-30) cm. sparsely leafy, arachnoid-lanate. Leaves mostly basal, rosulate, 20-40 x 6-16 cm, usually longer than the flowering stem, broadly oblong, deeply 2-pinnatifid, petiolate, coriaceous, bright green with pale veins above, while tomentose with prominent veins beneath. Primary leaf segments pinnatifid into triangular-lanceolate lobes ending in 2-6 mm long, yellow spine; petiole simply spinose-margined. Cauline leaves smaller, sessile; segments caudate. with triangular lobes ending in 2-6 mm long, yellow spines. Capitula 3-5 cm in diam. (excl. spreading appendages), sub-globose. Involucral bracts green. Outer involucral bract with slender apical spine, c. 5 mm. Middle involucral bracts with short (8-10 x 10-15 mm) cochleariform apical appendages, abruptly narrowed into erecto-patent spines, 20-50 x 2-4 mm. Corolla dirty white or yellowish. Cypsela 4-5 x 2.5-3 mm, not winged; pappus 20-25 mm.
Life Form
Phytochoria
Distribution in Libya
Sirte Plains:
Wadi Soofejeen 2017
Benghazi Plain:
(79 km) from Ajedabia to Benghazi 1978 Between Slouk and Al-Abiar 2016 Ajdabia (Al-Bedan) 2016 Zweitina area (Sandy beach) 2016 Ajdabia (Al-Bedan), (Al-Jaledia) 2017 (35 Km) South East of Benghazi (adjacent to the Jardinah village) 2020 Wadi El-Enaghar 2021
Jabal Nafusa:
Msallata (Shaafien) 2017
Al-Jabal Al-Akhder:
El-Bakur 2007 Qandulah, Al-Marj-Al-Baida motor way 2011 S. of AL-Marj 2011 Valley Jarjr-oma 2013 Wadi Al-Agar 2016 Wadi Derna 2017 From Zawiet Tamula to Al-Manarh, From Lustata to Beshtaya 2019 Al-Abiar (Sidi Amohamed forest) 2020 Al-Teneen area northwest of Al-Marj 2020
Marmarica Plateau:
Reported in Marmarica north-eastern part of Libya by Pampanini 1930
Notes
For more information
https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77130244-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/77130244-1, http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000070364, https://www.gbif.org/species/3112362, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/137335/cynara-cornigera-lindl, https://botany.cz/cs/cynara-cornigera/, https://www.plantarium.ru/lang/en/page/view/item/102241.html, https://www.cretanflora.com/cynara_cornigera.html, http://biodiversitycyprus.blogspot.com/2016/04/cynara-cornigera-lindl-cyprus.html, https://www.levoyagedetournefort.fr/Plantes/116/Cynara-cornigera
First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:
Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A. (1983) Flora of Libya, Asteraceae Vol. (107) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya.
Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:
Omar, N., El-Mghrbi, N.G., Rahil, R.O., Alaib, M.A., Alzerbi, A.K. (2021) Floristic Composition and Plant Diversity of Western Part of Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya. Species-22(70), 2021. pp. (204-217). http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/index.htm, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/A4.pdf
Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1
An-updated-checklist-and-quantitative-analysis-of-the-Marmarica-Plateau-flora-مضغوط
Al-Amrouni, M, M., Al-Zarbi, A., Al-Aeb, M. A. (2020) Study of vegetation cover in Sidi Amohamed forest north of the city of Al-Abyar in the Al-Jabal Al-Al-Akhdar. Libya. Journal of Quality Assurance for Scientific Research-The first issue-April-2020 (In Arabic). https://lqac.org.ly/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/PDF-1.pdf, https://independent.academia.edu/ABDULHAMIDALZERBI
دراسة الغطاء النباتي بغابة سيدي امحمد شمال مدينة الابياربالجبل الاخضر.2020
El-Taguri, H.M., El-Mogasapi, A.M., El-Barasi, Y.M. (2020) Weed Flora of Man-Made river agriculture project (Masiklo). Libyan Journal of Science & Technology 11:1 (2020) 61-64. http://repository.uob.edu.ly/bitstream/handle/123456789/1291/15.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Abdusslam-Elmogasapi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi
Saleh, M. M., & Lachhab, S. R. (2020) Plant diversity in Al-Teneen area northwest of Al-Marj city-Libya. Aref Journal for Human Studies- Issue (5) 2020, Pp. (3-65) Ajdabiya University-Libya. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/sd-lshhb, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346554140_bhth_altnw_alnbaty_fy_mntqt_altnyn_shmal_ghrb_mdynt_almrj_lybya
التنوع النباتي في منطقة التنين شمال غرب مدينة المرج- ليبيا. 2020
Ali, A. M., Lashhab, S. R., Abu-Aweena, A. A.M. (2019) Classification of vegetation cover and its geographical distribution in the area extending between Al-Haniya and Wadi Zagzoog in the north to Lasastata and Bishtaya in the south. Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar eastern Libya. Issue (61) Journal of Science and Human Studies- Al-Marj-University of Benghazi-Libya (In Arabic). https://www.researchgate.net/profile/sd-lshhb, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339238955_tsnyf_alghta_alnbaty_wtwzyh_aljghrafy_fy_almntqt_almmtdt_ma_byn_alhnyt_wwady_alzqzwq_shmala_hty_lstath_wbshtaya_jnwba_aljbl_alakhdr_shrq_lybya
Ab-Aziza, F.B., El–Barasi, Y.M. and Rahil, R.O. (2017) Flora, Vegetation and Human Activities of Wadi Derna-El-Jabal. Research article I Botany l Version 1. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Fatma-Abuaziza, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rebeh-Rahil
Flora, Vegetation and Human Activities of Wadi Derna. 2017
Bahri, N.M. (2017) Identify, Limit and Determine the Vegetation Types of Wadi Ka’am Areas, Libya. Journal of Marine Sciences and Environmental Technologies-Volume (3) -Issue (2) (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371282756_altrf_ly_alanwa_alnbatyt_lmnatq_wady_kam_whsrha_wthdyd_ashkal_nmwha
التعرف على الانواع النباتية لمناطق وادي كعام وحصرها وتحديد أشكال نموها. 2017 .
Bou-Gharsa, Saleh, A. & Al Sheikhi, S. K. (2017) A study on the diversity of vegetation covers in El-Beidan and El-Glidaya protected areas in Ajdabiya. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering JESE, VOL. 1. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/salh-alshykhy, https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/salh-tyt-bwghrst-2320557670, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343934906_drast_hwl_tnw_alghta_alnbaty_bmhmyty_albydan_w_aljlydayh_bmdynt_ajdabya
دراسة حول تنوع الغطاء النباتي بمحميتي البيضان والجليداية بمدينة اجدابيا. 2017
Daidah AM, Mugassby MF (2016) Study of the vegetation of coastal sand dune in Zwaitina area. Eastern Libya. Proceeding of the Fourth Scientific Conference of Environment and Sustainable Development in the Arid and Semi- Arid Regions (ICESD); 2016 Nov 20–22; Ajdabiya (Libya); p. 857–864 (In Arabic).
El-Zerbi, A. K., Al-Borki, A. S., Al-Aib, M.A. (2016) Study of vegetation in Protected Al-Bedan southeast of Ajdabiya, Libya. Journal of Marine Sciences and Environmental Technologies-No. (2) Volume (2) December 2016. ISSN: 2413-5267(In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Abdulhamid-Alzerbi, https://journals.asmarya.edu.ly/jmset/index.php/JMSET/article/view/103, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371283472_drast_alghta_alnbaty_bmhmyt_albydan_jnwb_shrq_ajdabya_lybya
دراسة الغطاء النباتي بمحمية البيضان جنوب شرق اجدابيا- ليبيا. 2016
Hegazy, A.; Kabiel, H.; AlRowaily, S.; Lovett-Doust,L. and AlBorki, A. (2016) Plant communities and reproductive phenology in mountainous regions of northern Libya. Journal of Forestry Research. July 2017, Volume 28, Issue 4, pp 741–761. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11676-016-0345-8, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ahmad-Hegazy-2
Raheel, RO. M., El-Borasi, Y. M., El-Barrani, M. W., El-Hassi, S. (2016) Study of Flora and vegetation cover of the semi-desert area between Salouq and Al-Abyar-the first high of Jabal Al-Akhdar-Libya, Fourth Scientific Conference for Environment and Sustainable Development in dry and semi-arid areas. Ajdabia. Libya. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi , https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rebeh-Rahil
دراسة الفلورا والغطاء النباتي للمنطقة الشبه صحراوية الممتدة بين مدينتي سلوق والابيار . 2016
Abusaief, H. M. A. (2013) Life forms and rangeland for many habitats of Jarjar oma in Al-Jabal Al- Akhdar on Mediterranean Sea. Journal of American Science 2013;9(5) http://www.jofamericanscience.org/journals/am-sci/am0905/029_17747am0905_236_249.pdf
EL-Barasi, Y. M., Barrani, M. W., Abdelsalam, O. EL-Amrouni, N., Mohamad, F. (2011) Check list of flora and vegetation on south EL-Marj zone: south EL-Jabal EL-Akhadar. Libya. Annals of Faculty Engineering Hunedoara-International Journal of Engineering. Tome IX (Year 2011). Fascicule 3. ISSN 1584-2673, 141-146. http://annals.fih.upt.ro/pdf-full/2011/ANNALS-2011-3-24.pdf
Hegazyi, A.K., Boulos, L., Kabiel, H.F. and Sharashy, O.S. (2011) Vegetaion and species altitudinal distribution in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar landscape, Libya. Pak. J. Bot., 43(4): 1885-1898, 2011. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ahmad-Hegazy-2 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hanan_Kabiel/publication/249011161_Vegetation_and_species_altitudinal_distribution_in_Al-Jabal_Al-Akhdar_landscape_Libya/links/58171d7c08ae90acb24128b9.pdf
VEGETATION AND SPECIES ALTITUDINAL DISTRIBUTION IN AL-JABAL AL-AKHDAR. 2011
Abd Al-lkhaleq, Y. M. (2007) Vegetation Coverage of El-Bakur Highlands in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Garyounis University, Libya. (In Arabic).
PAMPANINI, R. (1931). Prodromo della Flora Cirenaica. – : 457 – under: Cynara sibthorpiana Boiss. & Heldr. https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/records/item/14218-prodromo-della-flora-cirenaica
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