Flora

Anacyclus monanthos (L.) Thell.

Common Name: Tegrefta.

Family: Asteraceae

Flowering Time: Feb-Apr.

General Appearance

Anacyclus monanthos (L.) Thell. / / Accepted Infraspecifics: Anacyclus monanthos ssp. monanthos , Anacyclus monanthos ssp. cyrtolepidioides (Pomel) Humphries / Homotypic Synonyms: Anacyclus cyrtolepidioides Pomel, it is an annual herb up to 35 cm long, rosetted greyish-villous, sub caulescent or acaulescent, with prostrate branches arising in the axils of leaves of the rosette below the cluster of 1 (-few) terminal capitula. Rosette leaves up to 50 X 20 mm, petiolate, obovated in outline. tripinnatisect; leaf-segments linear-lanceolate, acute with short, terminal mucro; petiole and rachis flattened. Cauline leaves similar. sessile. Capitula 10-15 mm in diam., homogamous, discoid, yellow; peduncles when present sub clavate after anthesis. Outer involucral bracts 5 x 1mm, greenish, narrowly ovate, acute, with narrow, whitish or brownish scarious margin, surface on dorsal side sericeous villous. Inner involucral bracts 5 x 2 mm, greenish, oblong-ovate, with 0.25 mm wide, whitish or brownish scarious margin, with a searious, acute, 0.25 mm long. terminal appendage, dorsal surface sericeous villous. Palea 4-5 x 2.5 mm, obovate-cuneate, acute to acuminate, ± coriaceous, margins broadly scarious, apex with a dark green spot, on back & margin hairy. Florets all tubular. Corolla tube 4 mm long (incl. lobes), 5 lobed (lobes 1 mm long), tube in the lower half dorsoventrally compressed, but not winged, constricted in the middle, above the middle broadly campanulate; lobes equal, usually with apical appendages; appendages equal or unequal. Cypsela of peripheral florets 2-2.25 x 1.75-2 mm, dorsoventrally compressed, obconical in outline, narrowly winged (if wingless than 0.25 mm wide), somewhat coriaceous at maturity, entire or crenate near the apex, epappose or with an incomplete membranous, denticulate rim on the adaxial side. Cypselas of central florets 2 x 1.5 mm, narrowly obovate in outline, without lateral wings.

Life Form

Phytochoria

SA. The native range of this species is N. Africa to Sinai.

Distribution in Libya

Al-Jafarah Plain:

Wadi El-Hera 1974 (10 km) from Zuara to Ferwa, Sug Al-Sabt 1976 Wadi El-Ramal, (33 km) before Tripoli 1977 Sabrath 2008 Sabratha region 2020

Zliten-Misurata Plain:

Al-Kararim 1968 (20 km) from Zeltan to Misurata 1977 Kaam area 2005 Misurata 2006, 2015 Misurata (Sassu Valley) 2016 Zliten (Wadi EL-Zekr) 2022

Sirte Plains:

(123 km) W. of Sirte 1977 (7 Km) SE of Sitre City 2008 Wadi Soofejeen 2017 Wadi Al-Hamar Region 2020

Benghazi Plain:

Slouk-Msus road 2000 Msus-Al-Ajramia zone 2004 Between Slouk and Al-Abiar 2016 Ajdabia (Al-Bedan) 2016 Jardina-Soloq Region 2020 Wadi El-Enaghar 2021

Jabal Nafusa:

Wadi Malah, (10 km) from Nalut 1972 (2 km) before Gharian 1973 Janduba, (13 km) from Gharian, Yefren 1974 (16 km) S. of Nalut, Ain Rumia, Kaleba 1975 Jado 1977 Msallata (Shaafeen) 2008 Msallata National Park (Shaafeen) 2013 Msallata (Shaafien) 2017 Wadi Kaam 2017 Tarhna (Dawoon, Meghawsha, Sok El-Ahed, Terghlat ,Whedat) 2018 Msallata-Garaboulli Province 2020 Gharyan (Sedrores Mountains) 2020 Wadi Kaam (Dam & lake) 2022

Al-Jabal Al-Akhder:

Al-Abiar (Sidi Amohamed forest) 2020

Marmarica Plateau:

Reported in Marmarica north-eastern part of Libya by Pampanini 1930 From Tobruk to Egyptian Border 1999 Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002

Al-Qibla area:

Wadi Nesma region 2009 Wadis South of Mizda 2013

Notes

Wild in Libya.

Link of images: https://www.gbif.org/species/3148584, https://www.plantarium.ru/lang/en/page/view/item/82535.html

For more information

https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:176324-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/176324-1, http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000091725, https://www.gbif.org/species/3148584, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/135632/anacyclus-monanthos-l-thell, https://www.plantarium.ru/lang/en/page/view/item/82535.html

Bibliographic References

First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:

Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A. (1983) Flora of Libya, Asteraceae Vol. (107) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya.

Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:

Almushghub, F., Ahmed, D., Sharaf El-Din, A., Shaltout, k. (2022) Vegetation analysis of Wadi Kaam at northwest Libya. Journal of Basic and Environmental Sciences, 9 (2022) 20-37. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357516127_Vegetation_analysis_of_Wadi_Kaam_at_northwest_Libya, https://jbes.journals.ekb.eg/article_372060_558ee8095e2cf97881a8a3cc705aa126.pdf

El-Karnawdy, F.O.M. & Swaisy, A.S.M. (2022) Current status of floristic structure in Wadi EL-Zekr, Zliten City, Libya. Middle East International Conference on Contemporary Scientific Studies-VII-Beirut Arab University, Lebanon-March 3-4, 2022. https://www.middleeastconference.org/_files/ugd/614b1f_77fabd66c5054350a95423613bc913b6.pdf , https://www.middleeastconference.org/conference-books

Omar, N., El-Mghrbi, N.G., Rahil, R.O., Alaib, M.A., Alzerbi, A.K. (2021) Floristic Composition and Plant Diversity of Western Part of Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya. Species-22(70), 2021. pp. (204-217). http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/index.htm, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/A4.pdf

Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1

Al-Amrouni, M, M., Al-Zarbi, A., Al-Aeb, M. A. (2020) Study of vegetation cover in Sidi Amohamed forest north of the city of Al-Abyar in the Al-Jabal Al-Al-Akhdar. Libya. Journal of Quality Assurance for Scientific Research-The first issue-April-2020 (In Arabic). https://lqac.org.ly/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/PDF-1.pdf, https://independent.academia.edu/ABDULHAMIDALZERBI

Al-khojah, H.M., Al-Yafour, L.A., Mahklouf, M.H. (2020) Floristic Study of Selected Districts in Sabratha region Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7/Issue 4 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://zenodo.org/records/3830169, https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2s5EMysAAAAJ&hl=ar, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf

El-Ahmir, S.M., Mahklouf, M.H., Shanta, M.B., Abo-Jaafer, H.A. (2020) Floristic Study of Sedrores Mountains in Gharyan District-Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology. Volume 8 / Issue 1. ISSN: 2348-7313. https://zenodo.org/records/3931997, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sh-Hoob-El-Ahmir, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf

Omar, N., Alai, M.A. & Al-Zerbi, A.K. (2020) A Survey of Weed Species of Barley Crop Fields in Farms of GMR Agricultural Project in Jardina-Soloq Region, Libya. Libyan Journal of Basic Sciences, Vol: 11, No: 1, P: 29-38, August. 2020. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Naser-Omar, https://repository.uob.edu.ly/handle/123456789/1535

Mahklouf, M.H., Sherif, A.S., Betelmal, A.G. (2020) Floristic Study and Species Diversity of Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7 / Issue 3 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341306643_Floristic_Study_and_Species_Diverisy_of_Msallata-Garaboulli_Province_in_Libya

Omar, N.O.I., Alaib, M.A., El-Mghrbi, N.G., Alzerbi, A.K. (2020) Checklist of Flora and Floristic Study of Wadi Al-Hamar Region in Libya. Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Applied Science 6 (2), (2020) 20-24. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Naser-Omar

Mahklouf, M.H. Sherif, A.S, Betelmal, A. G. (2018) Floristic Study for Tarhuna-Libya. Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem, 2018, 46 (3), 337-364. https://hjbc.hacettepe.edu.tr/journal/volume-46/issue-3/floristic-study-for-tarhuna-libya/index.html, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf

Bahri, N.M. (2017) Identify, Limit and Determine the Vegetation Types of Wadi Ka’am Areas, Libya. Journal of Marine Sciences and Environmental Technologies-Volume (3) -Issue (2) (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371282756_altrf_ly_alanwa_alnbatyt_lmnatq_wady_kam_whsrha_wthdyd_ashkal_nmwha

El-Zerbi, A. K., Al-Borki, A. S., Al-Aib, M.A. (2016) Study of vegetation in Protected Al-Bedan southeast of Ajdabiya, Libya. Journal of Marine Sciences and Environmental Technologies-No. (2) Volume (2) December 2016. ISSN: 2413-5267(In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Abdulhamid-Alzerbi, https://journals.asmarya.edu.ly/jmset/index.php/JMSET/article/view/103, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371283472_drast_alghta_alnbaty_bmhmyt_albydan_jnwb_shrq_ajdabya_lybya

Aljarroushi, M.M. & Almedham, K. E. (2016) Geographical distribution and Life form of plants in Sassu Valley, Misurata area, Libya. Al-satil Vol. 10 No. 15 March 2016. https://search.mandumah.com/Record/813441

Raheel, RO. M., El-Borasi, Y. M., El-Barrani, M. W., El-Hassi, S. (2016) Study of Flora and vegetation cover of the semi-desert area between Salouq and Al-Abyar-the first high of Jabal Al-Akhdar-Libya, Fourth Scientific Conference for Environment and Sustainable Development In dry and semi-arid areas. Ajdabia. Libya. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rebeh-Rahil

Aljarroushi, M.M. & Almedham, K.E. (2015) Natural plant cover composition in Misurata area, Libya. Assiut Journal for Environmental Studies-42nd issue-July 2015. (In Arabic).

Al-Masalati, N. A. A. (2013) Plant diversity across the altitudes of the Msallata National Park Reserve Mountains. Master Thesis. Botany Department-College of Science-University of Benghazi-Libya. (In Arabic).

Mohamed, F.J. (2013) A Taxonomic Study of Wadis Flora South of Mizda at the intersections with Mizda-Sebha Highway. Master Thesis. Department of Botany-Faculty of Science-Sebha University. Libya. (In Arabic).

Bahri, N.M. (2009) Study of the vegetation covers of Wadi Nesma region, northwest of Libya. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, College of Science, Sebha University, Libya. (In Arabic).

Al-Aib, M. A. and El-Shakhy, N. O. (2008) Weed flora of great man made river agriculture project (sirte). Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development, Vol.102, Issue 3: 241-25. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohamed-Alaib, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343655187_Weed_Flora_of_Great_Man-Made_River_Agriculture_Project_Sirte

El-Yafour, L. A. (2008) Taxonomic study of the vegetation properties of Sabratha city Master Thesis. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Al-Zawiya University, Libya. (In Arabic).

Mohammed, S.A.H. (2008) A taxonomic and ecological study of the plants of the Shaafin Reserve in Masalatah. Master Thesis. Department of Biology-Faculty of Arts and Sciences-Al-Mirqab University. Al-Khums. Libya. (In Arabic).

Al-Dana, S. M. M. (2006) Taxonomic study of wild flower plants in some areas of Misrata. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Misurata University (7 October previously) Misurata, Libya. (In Arabic).

Al-Shif, N. S. (2005) a taxonomic study of the plants of the Kaam region. Master Thesis, College of Science, Al-Marqab University, Al-Khums, Libya. (In Arabic).

El-Jetlawi A.O.(2004) Study of vegetation and soil seed bank of a range desert zone (Msus-Al-Ajramia), Master of Science Thesis, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya (In Arabic).

El-Shaary M.S. (2002). The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic).

El-Kady, H.F. (2000) Vegetation analysis along Sluk-Msus Road in southeastern Benghazi, Libya, El-Minia Scienve Bulletin, Volum. 13(1), pp.61-71. 2000.

EL-Habony, A.M. (1999) Vegetation and flora of a sector along Mediterranean cost of Libya from Tobruk to Egyptian border, M.Sc. Thesis, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (in Arabic).