Flora

Allium nigrum L.

Common Name: Thom Bary

Family: Amaryllidaceae

Flowering Time: Mar–Apr.

General Appearance

Allium nigrum L., it is a bulbous geophyte, A robust plant, 30-80 cm high, bulbs 2.5-3 cm in diameter, ovoid; outer tunics membranous. Leaves 3-6, up to 50 x 8 cm, broadly linear. Spathe becoming 2- to 4-fid; valves up to 3 cm, narrowly triangular, acuminate. Umbel 5-10 cm in diameter, hemispherical or fastigiate, many-flowered, very rarely with bulbils; pedicels 25-45 mm. Perianth stellate at an thesis, later deflexed; segments 6-9 x 1.5-3.5 mm, white or pale lilac, with a greenish mid-vein, narrowly oblong-elliptical, obtuse. Stamens shorter than perianth-segments; filaments c. 5 mm, connate into an annulus at base, 1-1.5 mm wide and triangular at base, narrowed above into a subulate or very narrowly triangular filament; anthers yellowish. Capsule 6-8 mm.

Life Form

Phytochoria

MED. The native range of this species is Medit.

Distribution in Libya

Sirte Plains:

(7 Km) SE of Sitre City 2008 Wadi Al-Hamar Region 2020

Benghazi Plain:

Between Slouk and Al-Abiar 2016 Jardina-Soloq Region 2020 Wadi El-Enaghar 2021 Soloq (Beir Bullerjam) 2022

Jabal Nafusa:

Msallata (Shaafeen) 2008 Msallata National Park (Shaafeen) 2013 Msallata-Garaboulli Province 2020

Al-Jabal Al-Akhder:

Reported from Shahat (Cyrene) by Mair, collected by Pampanini Al-Mansora 2013 Al-Abiar (Sidi Amohamed forest) 2020

Marmarica Plateau:

Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002

Notes

Wild in Libya.

For more information

https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:528486-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/528486-1, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000756825, https://www.gbif.org/species/2855823, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/155867/allium-nigrum-l, https://maltawildplants.com/AMRY/Allium_nigrum.php, https://www.preservons-la-nature.fr/flore/taxon/1538.html, https://identify.plantnet.org/the-plant-list/species/Allium%20nigrum%20L./data, https://www.florealpes.com/fiche_alliumnigrum.php, https://www.teline.fr/en/photos/amaryllidaceae/allium-nigrum, http://www.africanplants.senckenberg.de/root/index.php?page_id=78&id=10743, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allium_nigrum

Bibliographic References

First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:

Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A. (1977) Flora of Libya, Alliaceae Vol. (33) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya.

Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:

Omar, N., Adrees, A., Alhursh, A., Shuayb, M., Alajeeli, O., Alzerbi, A.K. (2022) Identification of the Most Important Weed Species in A Barley Crops in Beir Bullerjam Region-Soloq, Libya. Scientific Journal for the Faculty of Science-Sirte University Vol. 2, No. 1 April (2022) 15-22. https://journal.su.edu.ly/index.php/jsfsu/issue/view/5, https://journal.su.edu.ly/index.php/jsfsu/article/view/51/45

Omar, N., El-Mghrbi, N.G., Rahil, R.O., Alaib, M.A., Alzerbi, A.K. (2021) Floristic Composition and Plant Diversity of Western Part of Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya. Species-22(70), 2021. pp. (204-217). http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/index.htm, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/A4.pdf

Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1

Al-Amrouni, M, M., Al-Zarbi, A., Al-Aeb, M. A. (2020) Study of vegetation cover in Sidi Amohamed forest north of the city of Al-Abyar in the Al-Jabal Al-Al-Akhdar. Libya. Journal of Quality Assurance for Scientific Research-The first issue-April-2020 (In Arabic). https://lqac.org.ly/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/PDF-1.pdf, https://independent.academia.edu/ABDULHAMIDALZERBI

Mahklouf, M.H., Sherif, A.S., Betelmal, A.G. (2020) Floristic Study and Species Diversity of Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7 / Issue 3 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341306643_Floristic_Study_and_Species_Diverisy_of_Msallata-Garaboulli_Province_in_Libya

Omar, N.O.I., Alaib, M.A., El-Mghrbi, N.G., Alzerbi, A.K. (2020) Checklist of Flora and Floristic Study of Wadi Al-Hamar Region in Libya. Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Applied Science 6 (2), (2020) 20-24. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Naser-Omar

Omar, N., Alai, M.A. & Al-Zerbi, A.K. (2020) A Survey of Weed Species of Barley Crop Fields in Farms of GMR Agricultural Project in Jardina-Soloq Region, Libya. Libyan Journal of Basic Sciences, Vol: 11, No: 1, P: 29-38, August. 2020. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Naser-Omar,

Raheel, RO. M., El-Borasi, Y. M., El-Barrani, M. W., El-Hassi, S. (2016) Study of Flora and vegetation cover of the semi-desert area between Salouq and Al-Abyar-the first high of Jabal Al-Akhdar-Libya, Fourth Scientific Conference for Environment and Sustainable Development In dry and semi-arid areas. Ajdabia. Libya. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi , https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rebeh-Rahil

Abusaief, H. M. A. and Dakhil, A. H. (2013) The floristic composition of Rocky habitat of Al Mansora in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar- Libya. New York Science Journal 2013; 6(5). https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Huda-Abusaief

Al-Masalati, N. A. A. (2013) Plant diversity across the altitudes of the Msallata National Park Reserve Mountains. Master Thesis. Botany Department-College of Science-University of Benghazi-Libya. (In Arabic)

Al-Aib, M. A. and El-Shakhy, N. O. (2008) Weed flora of great man made river agriculture project (sirte). Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development, Vol.102, Issue 3: 241-25. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohamed-Alaib

Mohammed, S.A.H. (2008) A taxonomic and ecological study of the plants of the Shaafin Reserve in Masalatah. Master Thesis. Department of Biology-Faculty of Arts and Sciences-Al-Mirqab University. Al-Khums. Libya. (In Arabic)

El-Shaary MS. 2002. The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic)