General Appearance
Sonchus asper (L.) Hill, it is an annual or biennial herb, up to (10-) 30-150 (-200) cm, glabrous or glandular hairy above, erect or spreading, branched; branching cymose. Leaves glabrous, usually spinulose-denticulnte. Basal leaves usually rosetted, entire to runcinate-pinnatfid. oblong to obovate-spathulate in outline, petiolate. Cauline leaves sessile, auriculate, entire to pinnatisect, ovate-lanceolate in outline; lobes of the lamina ovate-triangular to broadly lanceolate, acute; auricles rounded, sometimes denticulate. Involucre urceolate-campmulate, glabrous or sometimes pubescent when young. Capilula (1.5-) 2-2.5 cm in diam., golden-yellow, in lax corymbs. Ligule limb shorter than the basal tube. Cypsela 2-3 x 1 mm, ellipsoid, strongly compressed, margins ± winged, each face with 3 ribs, smooth between the ribs; ribs and margins often minute, retrorsely ciliate-papillose; paopus 0-9 mm, ± deciduous.
Life Form
Phytochoria
Distribution in Libya
Al-Jafarah Plain: (30 km) from Sabrata to Zuara 1976 Research station (faculties of Agriculture) 2017 Sabratha region 2020
Zliten-Misurata Plain: Leptus Megna 2004
Sirte Plains: Sirte 2015
Jabal Nafusa: Msallata National Park (Shaafeen) 2013 Tarhuna (Hejaz) 2018 Msallata-Garaboulli Province 2020
Al-Jabal Al-Akhder: Reported from Shahat by Durand & Barratte and Keith Wadi Zaza 2003 Gaber Jera 2013 Wadi El-Kouf 2014 Sidi Abu-Ras 2017
Marmarica Plateau: From Tobruk to Egyptian Border 1999
Notes
For more information
https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003017-2, https://www.ipni.org/n/1003017-2, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000031264, https://www.gbif.org/species/3105782, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/139360/sonchus-asper-l-hill, https://flora.org.il/en/plants/sonasp/, https://botany.cz/cs/sonchus-asper/, https://dryades.units.it/floritaly/index.php?procedure=taxon_page&tipo=all&id=6311, https://www.actaplantarum.org/flora/flora_info.php?id=7412, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonchus_asper
First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:
Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A. (1983) Flora of Libya, Asteraceae Vol. (107) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya. Page. 396.
Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:
Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1
An-updated-checklist-and-quantitative-analysis-of-the-Marmarica-Plateau-flora-مضغوط
Al-khojah, H.M., Al-Yafour, L.A., Mahklouf, M.H. (2020) Floristic Study of Selected Districts in Sabratha region Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7/Issue 4 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2s5EMysAAAAJ&hl=ar, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf
Floristic Study of Selected Districts in Sabratha region Libya. 2020.
Mahklouf, M.H., Sherif, A.S., Betelmal, A.G. (2020) Floristic Study and Species Diversity of Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7 / Issue 3 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341306643_Floristic_Study_and_Species_Diverisy_of_Msallata-Garaboulli_Province_in_Libya
Floristic Study and Species Diverisy of Msallata-Garaboulli Province. 2020
Mahklouf, M.H. Sherif, A.S, Betelmal, A. G. (2018) Floristic Study for Tarhuna-Libya. Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem, 2018, 46 (3), 337-364. http://www.hjbc.hacettepe.edu.tr/journal/volume-46/issue-3/floristic-study-for-tarhuna-libya/index.html
Floristic Study for Tarhuna–Libya. 2018
El-Zerbi, A. K. & Al-Aib, M.A. (2017) Study of vegetation cover in Sidi Bouras region, Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering JESE, VOL. 1, No. 1, January 2017. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Abdulhamid-Alzerbi, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326461390_aalkhdr_baljbl_bwras_sydy_bmntqt_alnbaty_alghta_drast-lybya
دراسة الغطاء النباتي بمنطقة سيدي بوراس –الجبل الاخضر 2017
Nasif, M. A., Al-Ganoni, A. M., Knotch, O. M., Nafees. A. A. (2017) Survey of weeds in the research station of the Faculty of Agriculture-University of Tripoli. Libyan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, No. (1) Vol (22) p. (35-46). (In Arabic).
مسح الحشائش في محطة ابحاث كلية الزراعة – جامعة طرابلس. 2017
Elsayed M. A. N. (2015) Floristic Composition of the Plant Cover at Surt Region in Libya. Catrina (2015), 12 (1): 63-71-2010 By the Egyptian society for environmental SCIENCES. https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18403_37c687e375b9144800a15704e68ebad7.pdf
Floristic Composition of the Plant Cover at Surt Region in Libya. 2015
El-Mokasabi, F M. (2014) Floristic Composition and Traditional Uses of Plant Species at Wadi Al-kuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 14 (8): 685-697, 2014, ISSN 1818-769,IDOSIPublications,2014DOI:10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2014.14.08.12375. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/441b/23b83960f007044aca94e26f5c6b170fe102.pdf
Plant Species at Wadi Alkuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya 2014
Al-Masalati, N. A. A. (2013) Plant diversity across the altitudes of the Msallata National Park Reserve Mountains. Master Thesis. Botany Department-College of Science-University of Benghazi-Libya. (In Arabic).
Al-Tajouri, A., Al-Aaeb, M.A., Al-Zarbi, A. K. (2013) Barley crop contamination with weed seeds in Gaber-Jira farms in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. Journal of Benghazi University of Science-the third and fourth edition (45-53). (In Arabic). https://search.mandumah.com/Record/838987
تلوث محصول الشعير ببذور الحشائش بمزارع قبر جيرة بالجبل الاخضر. 2013- صفحة 45 -53.
El-Komati, A. F. (2004) Medicinal plants in the Shapiat of Marqab, their distribution, classification and importance. Master Thesis. Biology Department- Faculty of Science-Al-Marqab University. Al-Khums. Libya. (In Arabic).
El-Barasi, Y. M., EI-Sherif, l. M. & Gawhari, A. M. H. (2003) Checklist and analysis of the flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza at AI-Jabal AI Akhdar (Cyrenaica, Libya). Bocconea 16 (2): 1091-1105. 2003. – ISSN 1120-4060. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ahmed-Gawhari, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281559070_Checklist_and_analysis_of_the_flora_and_vegetation_of_Wadi_Zaza_at_AI-Jabal_AI_Akhdar_Cyrenaica_Libya
Flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza at Al-Jabal AI Akhdar 2003-مضغوط
EL-Habony, A.M. (1999) Vegetation and flora of a sector along Mediterranean cost of Libya from Tobruk to Egyptian border, M.Sc. Thesis, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (in Arabic).
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