Flora

Caroxylon tetrandrum (Forssk.) Akhani & Roalson

Common Name: ——-

Family: Amaranthaceae

Flowering Time: Mar-Apr

General Appearance

Caroxylon tetrandrum (Forssk.) Akhani & Roalson / Homotypic Synonyms: Salsola tetrandra Forssk. it is a subshrub and grows primarily in the desert or dry shrub land biome. it is a highly branched shrub up to 80 cm tall. The main branches have brownish bark, while the secondary and terminal branches have greyish-green bark. The leaves are sessile, opposite, scale-shaped, succulent, tomentose, with hyaline margins. The flowers are ⚥ (pentamerous), ♀, and ♂ (tetramerous), solitary in the axils of the bracts or in spikes at the end of the branches.

Life Form

Phytochoria

SA. The native range of this species is N. Africa to Sahara and Israel.

Distribution in Libya

Al-Jafarah Plain:

Sabrata 2008

Sirte Plains:

(2 km) E. of Bugrain, (7 km) from Bugrain to Buayrat 1967 (25 km) W. Sirte 1968 (50 km) from Hun to Bougrain, (87 km) from Bou njim 1976

Benghazi Plain:

Between Slouk and Al-Abiar 2016 Ajdabia (Al-Jaledia) 2017

Marmarica Plateau:

From Tobruk to Egyptian Border 1999 Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002 Dafna region (Tobruk to Msaid) 2008

Al-Qibla area:

Wadis South of Mizda 2013

Ghadames area:

Ain Migzim, (10 km) from main road and turning of main road from Ghadames 1975

Al-Jufra area:

(50 km) from Hun to Bougrain, (87 km) from Bou njim 1976

Ghat area:

Ghat (Between Acacus and Tassili Mountains) 2004 Wadi Tanezzuft 2012

Gabal Al-Uweinat:

Gebel Uweinat 1968

Notes

Wild in Libya, a desert species in sandy ground, medicinal plant.

For more information

https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77089166-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/77089166-1, https://www.gbif.org/species/3759360, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000508693, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/226986/caroxylon-tetrandrum-forssk-akhani-roalson, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi, https://www.teline.fr/en/photos/amaranthaceae/caroxylon-tetrandrum, https://www.biodiversidadcanarias.es/biota/especie/F00273, https://endemicascanarias.com/es/allcategories-es-es/nativas/caroxylon-tetrandrum, https://arthropodafotos.de/db_plants.php?lang=eng&sc=1&sci=Caroxylon&scisp=tetrandrum

Bibliographic References

First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:

Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A. (1978) Flora of Libya, Chenopodiaceae Vol. (58) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya.

Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest:

Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1

Raheel, RO. M., El-Borasi, Y. M., El-Barrani, M. W., El-Hassi, S. (2016) Study of Flora and vegetation cover of the semi-desert area between Salouq and Al-Abyar-the first high of Jabal Al-Akhdar-Libya, Fourth Scientific Conference for Environment and Sustainable Development In dry and semi-arid areas. Ajdabia. Libya. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rebeh-Rahil

Mohamed, F.J. (2013) A Taxonomic Study of Wadis Flora South of Mizda at the intersections with Mizda-Sebha Highway. Master Thesis. Department of Botany-Faculty of Science-Sebha University. Libya. (In Arabic)

Mukassabi, T.A, Ahmidat, G., Sherif, I.M., ELMogasapi, A. (2012) Checklist and life forms of plant species in contrasting climatic zones of Libya. Biological Diversity and Conservation – 5 / 3 (2012) https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/biodicon/issue/55888/765799

Barrani, M. W. (2008) A study of environmental degradation factors in the semi-desert Dafna Region-Libya. Master Thesis-Department of Science and environmental engineering-Postgraduate Academy Benghazi branch. (In Arabic)

El-Yafour, L. A. (2008) Taxonomic study of the vegetation properties of Sabratha city Master Thesis. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Al-Zawiya University, Libya. (In Arabic)

Ahmidat, Gh. (2004) Study of the vegetation cover of the area between the Acacus Mountains and the Tassili Mountains (Ghat). Master Thesis. Department of Botany.College of Science. Sebha University. Libya. (In Arabic)

El-Shaary MS. 2002. The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic)

Al-Hamadi R.I. (1999) Floristic and ecological study of wadi Al-Agar, Master Thesis, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (In Arabic)